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| 333 BC |
| | At Gordium, in central Turkey, Alexander is credited with cutting the mythical Gordian Knot (identifying him as the ruler of Asia) | |
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| 332 BC |
| | Alexander moves south through Syria and Palestine, excluding the Persian fleet from their familiar harbours | |
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| 332 BC |
| | Tyre, the only coastal city to offer serious resistance to Alexander, is taken and destroyed after a siege of seven months | |
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| 332 BC |
| | Alexander the Great's army arrives in Egypt and the Persian governor of the province rapidly surrenders | |
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| 332 BC |
| | In Memphis Alexander sacrifices to Apis, a sacred bull, and is crowned pharaoh by the priests | |
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| 332 BC |
| | While in Egypt, Alexander founds Alexandria – the best known of the many towns he establishes to spread Greek culture | |
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| 331 BC |
| | Alexander travels far into the desert, to a famous oracle of the sun god Amon (or Amon-Re) at Siwah, where the priest recognizes him as the son of the god | |
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| 331 BC |
| | Moving northeast into Mesopotamia, Alexander again defeats Darius III (at Gaugamela), leaving Persia open to his advances | |
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| 330 BC |
| | As a conclusive end to the long rivalry between Greece and Persia, Alexander destroys the great palace of Xerxes at Persepolis | |
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| 330 BC |
| | Alexander adopts the ceremonial dress and court rituals of of his new Persian empire | |
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